Pollutant | Why it is a problem | Source of pollutant | How it gets to water |
| - It feeds nuisance plant and algae growth in waterways
- Algae and nuisance plants affect stream life, block water intakes and drains, and make water unpleasant for swimming and drinking
- Ammonia can be toxic to fish
| - Urine from stock
- Nitrogen in fertiliser
- Ammonia in dairy shed wastewater
| - It moves down through soil (leaching) into ground water and subsurface drains, which feed into streams
- Surface runoff
- Stock in streams
- Discharges from oxidation ponds
|
| - It feeds nuisance plant and algae growth in waterways
- Algae and nuisance plants affect stream life, block water intakes and drains, and make water unpleasant for swimming and drinking
| - Dung from stock
- Phosphate in fertiliser
- Farm dairy effluent
- Soil sediment
| - Soil and bank erosion (phosphate binds to soil particles)
- Surface runoff
- Discharges from oxidation ponds
- Stock in streams
- Subsurface drains
|
| - It makes water murky and affects stream life
- Poor water clarity makes water unsafe for swimming
| - Hillside erosion
- Stream bank erosion and trampling
- Tracks and races
- Surface of paddocks
| - Surface runoff
- Stream bank collapse
- Hillside erosion
|
Faecal matter
(bacteria, viruses) | - It creates a human health risk from swimming and drinking
- It can affect stock health if present in stock water
| - Dung from stock
- Farm dairy effluent
| - Stock in streams
- Subsurface drains
- Discharges from oxidation ponds
- Surface runoff
- Poorly-managed effluent irrigation
|
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